Chinese Culture Essay

The climate and temperature of China varies throughout the area of the country. Most of the country lies in the temperate belt, but the southern most part lies in the subtropical belt while the northern part is in the sub arctic belt. There is usually a lot of rain in the summer, and very little in the winter. China has the largest agricultural output in the world, while only cultivating 15% of its total area. Rice is China’s most harvested crop, while wheat is second. China also produces potatoes, other vegetables, and some fruits. By the end of 2000, China had 633 different cities, while 13 of them had a population of two million or more. The three biggest Chinese cities are Shanghai, Beijing, and Chongqing, in that order. Hong Kong is inside China, but isn’t considered part of the country. Confucianism used to be the main religion in China and help shape its history. However, Buddhism has the most followers and biggest influence in China than any other religion, now. Some other major religions throughout China are Taoism, Islam, and Christianity. Most people in China, now, play sports just like us such as ping pong, soccer, and badminton. These types of sports are fairly new to China, while different types of martial arts have been around much longer than team sports. China is a communist state. This means that everything is ruled and owned by the government. There is no private ownership, and all goods are shared by the people, who are all equal. Chinese education is required and free for ages 6 – 15, and can be continued longer if the person wants to and can afford it. Most of the jobs throughout China are related to agricultural businesses, or they do cheap labor for companies all around the world. The employment rules in China are much more relaxed than the U. S. so big corporation usually have Chinese factories make their goods for much cheaper. Stir fry is the most common cooking technique throughout China. It requires a small amount of oil in a heated pan, and the ingredients of the mea, usually vegetables and meat, are put into the pan and cooked until ready. The most used cooking tool is the wok. It is pretty much like a pan with rounded edges for stir frying. Chopsticks are by far the most used eating tools of the Chinese people, just like our forks and spoons. Chinese meals almost always have rice or noodles. The is usually vegetables in the meals, which could be many different types, such as broccoli, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, cabbage or eggplants. The meat is usually chicken, pork, or fish. Chinese meals are eaten pretty much at the same time as out meals. Breakfast is in the morning, lunch in the afternoon, and dinner is at night. There are much unusual eating etiquettes that must be followed in China. One is that your tea can never be empty. The host will always be refilling their guests’ cups, and the guests must tap their cup on the table as a showing of thankfulness. Another eating etiquette is that, when out with a group of people, you must order an even number or plates, even if there is an odd number of people, because odd numbers symbolize death. Bibliography Climate – http://www. chinatraveldepot. com/C149-China-Climate Major Cities – http://www. china. org. cn/english/feature/38093. htm Recreation – http://www. ajpanda. com/Articles. asp? ID=227 Types of Jobs – http://factsanddetails. com/china. php? itemid=366&catid Ingredients and equipment – http://www. china-family-adventure. com/chinese-food-ingredients. html Bourbon Chicken recipe – http://www. food.com/recipeprint. do? rid=45809 Chinese fried rice – http://www. grouprecipes. com/25313/chinese-fried-rice. html/print Chinese Almond Cookies – http://chinesefood. about. com/od/dessertcookies/r/almondcookies. htm Chinese Almond Cookies Prep Time: 15 minutes Cook Time: 25 minutes Total Time: 40 minutes Ingredients: †¢ 2 cups flour †¢ 1/2 teaspoon baking powder †¢ 1/2 teaspoon baking soda †¢ 1/8 teaspoon salt †¢ 1/2 cup butter †¢ 1/2 cup shortening †¢ 3/4 cup white sugar (can add up to 2 more tablespoons, if desired) †¢ 1 egg †¢ 2 1/2 teaspoons almond extract †¢ 30 whole, blanched almonds (one for each cookie). †¢ 1 egg, lightly beaten Preparation: 1. Preheat oven to 325 degrees Fahrenheit (162. 5 degrees Celsius). 2. In a large bowl, sift the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. In a medium bowl, use an electric mixer to beat the butter or margarine, shortening, and sugar. Add the egg and almond extract and beat until well blended. Add to the flour mixture and mix well. Note: The dough will be crumbly at this point, but don’t worry – that is what it’s supposed to be like. 3. Use your fingers to form the mixture into a dough, and then form the dough into 2 rolls or logs that are 10 to 12 inches long. Wrap and refrigerate for 2 hours (this will make it easier to shape the dough into circles). 4. Take a log and lightly score the dough at 3/4 inch intervals so that you have 15 pieces and cut the dough. Roll each piece into a ball and place on a lightly greased cookie tray, approximately 1 1/2 inches apart. Place an almond in the center of each cookie and press down lightly. Repeat with the remaining dough. 5. Brush each cookie lightly with beaten egg before baking. Bake for 15 minutes to 18 minutes, until golden brown. Cool and store in a sealed container.

Essay on poverty Essay

There are many reasons for pursing a higher education. A few persons revel in the intellectual excitement of academic exploration, others â€Å"consume† not only the knowledge that college provides but all the social dimensions associated with it—alcoholic stimulated parties, erotic adventures with new friends, athletic events and intramural sport participation, etc. But for most persons, a significant, maybe even the dominant reason, for going to college is that it supposedly will improve one’s prospect of acquiring a good job. In a sense, a college degree has long been considered a ticket to the middle class—an adult life with a good income and relatively high job security. From the standpoint of society, efforts to expand college graduation attainment rates have been justified by President Obama and major foundations (for example, Lumina and Gates) on a need to be competitive with other nations which have a larger proportion of adults with college degre es. This study argues that the conventional wisdom that going to college is a â€Å"human capital investment† with a high payoff is increasingly wrong. Evidence shows that currently more than one-third of college graduates hold jobs that governmental employment experts tell us require less than a college degree. That proportion of underemployed college graduates has tripled over the past four decades. In 1976, Harvard economics professor Richard Freeman wrote about The Over-Educated American—at a time when most college graduates, at the margin, entered professional, managerial and scientific positions traditionally considered jobs for college graduates. If we were â€Å"overeducated† at that point in time, what is the case today? Moreover, the push to increase enrollments has led to a majority of the increment of our stock of college graduates finding employment in relatively low skilled jobs, most of which are not particularly high paying (although there are excepti ons). We added roughly 20 million college graduates to the population between 1992 and 2008, for example, but the number of graduates holding jobs requiring less-than-college education skill sets rose during that same period by about 12 million; in other words, 60 percent of the total increase in graduates over the past two decades was underemployed. Anecdotally, most persons can see this is their everyday lives. For example, the senior author was startled a year ago when the  person he hired to cut down a tree had a master’s degree in history, the fellow who fixed his furnace was a mathematics graduate, and, more recently, a TSA airport inspector (whose job it was to insure that we took our shoes off while going through security) was a recent college graduate. Actually, these individuals are far more typical of many recent college graduates than is commonly supposed.

Issues in Global Business and Strategic Concepts Essay - 3

Issues in Global Business and Strategic Concepts - Essay Example 132). Nonetheless, Australia has been a leading producer of mineral globally. It has sense been known to producing nearly 19 minerals that are associated to nearly 400 operating mines. Australia must take mining serious since it is the country’s economic backbone (Wild, and HAN, 2003; Pg. 17). Nearly all the states in the Australia have minerals. Despite the availability of several minerals, this essay aims at addressing the economic effects of coal as one of the Australia’s mineral (Cavusgil, Knight, and Riesenberger, 2008; Pg. 102). Such effects are to be analyzed domestically and internationally. It is worth noting that minerals form nearly 7 percent of the Australia’s GDP. Notably, according to the Australia’s bureau of statistics, the mining industries have directly employed over 263 thousand people. Other than the domestic advantages, Australia’s minerals are also exported (Beattie, 2002). Some of the mineral exported from Australia include oi l and gas that were exported in the year 2011 and 2012 at a tune of $164 billion (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2009). These figures accounted for nearly 52 percent of the Australia’s total exports. The same translated to nearly 62 percent of the merchandise exports (Villas-Bo?AS, and Beinhoff, 2002). It worth noting that Australian market specifically it mining industries usually enjoys free global economies including free global markets where they export their products in large scale (Haldar, 2013). Some of the major international markets for the Australia’s mineral products include Japan, India, South Korea, and China. According to the international ranking, Australia is usually considered as the top global mineral producer and it has the largest inventory resources that form the fundamental mineral commodities (Mintzberg and Lampel, 2009; Pg. 92). However, it does not lead in the production of all mineral commodities; therefore, there are opportunities in miner al that it produces in small scale particularly when it raises it scale of production on the same. Coal is among lowly exploited mineral by Australia; hence, it is vital to determine whether how Australia can raise its game in the production of coal towards boosting its domestic and international markets on the same product. In the Australia’s list of major export categories, Coal among other minerals including aluminum and copper fall fifth (Mintzberg and Lampel, 2005). Coal is used for different purposes; therefore, to boost its sales, Australia needs to intensify its marketing research on coal and its demand with different global economies towards increasing its sales in these countries. Introduction Mineral coal is a natural resource that only needs proper and effective equipment and labor to exploit effectively. Notably, Australia has an intense comparative advantage in the mineral commodities production. This emanates from its rich and diverse endowment of minerals as w ell as high quality and scaled regional information geoscience (Mintzberg and Lampel, 2009; Pg. 281). The intense understanding of geoscience reduces risks of exploitation of mineral in Australia. Additionally, Australian mineral exploiting industries are also enjoying advance exploration techniques that ensure that maximum exploitation. They also have advance mining and processing technologies with highly skilled labor that has intensive experience (De Wit and Meyer, 2010; Pg. 133). Additionally, the mineral exploration physical conditions are

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE - Essay Example They learned how to be competent experts on the job and according to them, real life education based on actual work experience will always trump academic competency because academics cannot prepare you to think on your feet and avoid non-textbook pitfalls on the job. Simply put, academic competence is what is expected of you once you enter the workforce as a rank and file employee. As you gain work experience, you earn points towards on the job competence. Maybe, you will even come to realize that some or most of the theories taught in classes will have to be thrown out the door on the job because it does not apply to the actual work. Thus, there will be times when theoretical competency will make you look like you do not know your job. Therefore, professional competence could be best defined by knowing when you throw out what you learned in school in order to achieve a higher competency skill on the

Blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Blog - Essay Example 350). Therefore, breastfeeding is important to the health of the babies until they reach the recommended age for introduction of the artificial foods. However, it will be a surprise to find out that new studies show that breastfeeding might be associated with hyperbilirubinemia. Although the studies have not conclusively implicated breastfeeding to hyperbilirubinemia, considerable evidence indicates that feeding a baby on breast milk can cause the illness. Hyperbilirubinemia is an illness that causes the red blood cells in your body to breakdown, and release a substance known as bilirubin into the blood. Bilirubin refers to the yellow substance in the blood, and it is a by-product of the breakdown of haemoglobin contained in the red blood cells (Lindh 2010, p. 919). Haemoglobin supports the transportation of oxygen in the red blood cells. It is noteworthy that the liver breaks down the old red blood cells. The high levels of the bilirubin in the bloodstream cause the yellowing of the skin and the white parts of the eye. The condition that causes the eyes and skin to turn yellow is known as jaundice (Lindh 2010, p. 919). Although bilirubin does not affect the infants, the accumulation of the by-product can be toxic to your bodies. It is advisable for babies to receive treatment after their delivery. The accumulation of bilirubin is referred to as hyperbilirubinemia, which new studies have associated with breastfeeding in infants. Many pregnant mothers, friends, and family members do not know the issues surrounding breastfeeding as brought forth by the new studies. Similarly, the healthcare providers have limited knowledge regarding the negative realities of breastfeeding. Likewise, the popular lifestyle magazines have not captured the new facts as revealed by continued research on the breastfeeding. Specifically, the association of breastfeeding with the development of the

Cybercrime Prevention Guide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cybercrime Prevention Guide - Essay Example Thus, any unlawful activity where a computer is used as a tool or a target or both comes under the definition of the cyber crime. Cyber Crimes can be categorized in the followings, according to Potts (2002): A crime where a computer or different computers are targeted over the network, for example, spreading of viruses etc. The computer may also be used to commit the traditional crimes, as widely used and easy access; for example, illegal gambling, money frauds etc. The computer may also be used as a file cabinet to store illegal information. For instance, drug trafficker using the computer to store the data of his sources, inventory etc. There seems to be not much between conventional crimes and the cyber crimes, but still if we dig deep then as per the above mentioned definitions a cyber crime is any crime where the computer is used. Laws are introduced and enforced in most of the countries to counter the cyber crime because there used to be a time when this was not unlawful as per the laws of most the countries and provisions are being made in order to cater this. With the growth in computer technology, new ways are being devised by the criminals in order to perform the illegal activities; the same is being done in order to cater against these (Brenner, 2010). ... code induced into the software of an application or the operating system of an organization that is triggered on a specific time period or by some triggering action of it. The nature of Logic Bombs is basically malicious, and they act same as a virus or a Trojan horse when activated by the triggering action. All those viruses that are to be released at some triggering action also fall into the category of a logic bomb (Parsons, Oja and Low, 1999). An organization applications and database are always vulnerable to such attacks. As the data represent the most critical factor for any organization, most of the applications that are being used are there to perform the operations and keep the data in an organized manner (Venkatraman, 2003). When such an attack is planted on data, nobody knows to what extent it may damage the organization because such an attack may not only destroy the data on the hard disks of the individual user, but may be planted to destroy the data kept in the servers. It may be planted to cover some financial frauds by some individual or a group of individuals, because when records are destroyed, they cannot be held responsible for anything. It may be planted on the application program by some cranky that runs the production unit. That may change the recipe, and the mixing of the raw materials to generate the final project; that is also financially not suitable for the organization. It will clearly mean that the end product made by this is a waste and it will hit the company badly because it will increase the wasted products amount (Brenner, 2010). Signs of Logic Bomb Attack Parsons, Oja and Low (1999) mentioned in their book that sometimes it is very easy to detect a logic bomb attack, especially if it is a virus attack on the network of an

Essay on Mental Health Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On Mental Health - Essay Example Mental counselors consider the background of the client while advising him on a treatment package so that the treatment becomes affordable. Inclusion of the bartering system involving gifts in treatment packages are generally avoided by the consumer (Code of Ethics, 2000). Current treatment packages have been tailored according to the client’s needs. Treatment packages are directed towards early prevention as well as after care. But criticisms have come up against these treatment packages due to their adherence of strict duration irrespective of the patients needs. Some packages based on group treatments have been neglected individual care (Prinz, n.d). Payments under mental health services are also a complex issue as it is treated more categorically different than other health diseases under Medicare. Related medicines have also become more expensive (A Guide to Mental Wellness in Older Age: Recognizing and Overcoming Depression, n.d). Hence recent treatment packages have ben efitted the patients to some extents but also have proved to be costly. The current essay tends to address this issue through various cases and findings. Behavioral factors have always influenced health treatments and it is relatively more important for patients suffering from mental disorders. This factor is also clinically influential on the health conditions of the mental patients (American Psychiatry Association, 2000, p.732). Hence a proper behavior is essential while dealing with the mental patients. This falls under the ethical considerations of psychological treatment. Ethical Considerations The mental doctors or counselors should never hurt the patients by their behavior. No physical or mental torture will be tolerated by the client. Maintenance of trust during the treatment also falls under ethics. The client also needs to be fully aware of the nature of the treatment and its underlying expenses. Any kind of discriminations, be it gender or racial needs to be kept outside the purview of treatment. Engagement in close personal relationships during the course of treatment is considered to be harmful for the patients. Financial or business relationships should not be developed. It is important that mental patients continue with their treatments else it would prove detrimental. It is the doctor’s responsibility that mental patients come for their treatments regularly and consume the prescribed medicines (Code of Ethics, 2000). Treatment packages offered for mental patients Before suggesting any treatment for mental illness the doctors need to diagnose correctly the kind of mental disorder the patient is suffering from. This will certainly help the suggested treatment package to cater to the needs of the patients. The cause for such disorder is also equally important. Medical advance in the area of psychiatric treatment do help to serve these purposes. Mental illness treatment is considered to be either somatic or psychotherapeutic. Somatic disorde rs are to some extent curable with drugs. So psychiatrists often suggest drug therapy. These drugs consist of newly invented anti depressants. Medical prescriptions are prepared in accordance with the type of disorder. Electroconvulsive therapy is a part of psychotherapeutic method of treatment. Under such therapy electric shocks are given to the patients by attaching the electrodes to the patient’s head. Undoubtedly the treatment is a painful one but proved to be very effective for severe depressions that are less responsive to drugs (Doebbeling,

Reading and writing experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading and writing experience - Essay Example Whereas the university recognizes English as the primary language of instruction, Joe did not have adequate writing skills in English. Therefore, he had problems keeping up with the lecturers pace in the class. More often than not he had to keep on asking his desk mate for course books so that he could copy what he had not been able to copy during class time. This was a great challenge in his learning of English. He would thus opt to listen during class time and write the notes later during his free time. This interfered with his learning process. Additionally, he would find learning how to write in English difficult since learning in class was taking place at a very fast pace that he would not be able to keep up. The fact that the English class had many students from different parts of the world posed a great challenge for Joe. This is because students spoke different dialects. Whereas a good language environment is important for language development, Joe did not enjoy favourable language environment. He would often be confused on which dialect to follow and in the process lost track in learning how to speak English. However, he would sometimes hang up with few friends who are native English speakers and they would influence him to speak proper English. Furthermore, the cultural confusion would add more problems to learning how to speak English. This was because of the cultural conflict between different students in class. Learning to read and write in English means a lot for international students. Particularly, they need to learn English so that they can apply the same in learning other subjects. Therefore, the challenges faced by international students, like Joe, need to be addressed. The university may consider setting the right language environment for international students to influence their learning. Although mixing native and international students can cause cultural shock, it can be one of the greatest tools of enhancing

Gun politics in the United States Essay Example for Free

Gun politics in the United States Essay To draw up case studies, it is first important to understand its various aspects. For an effective case study, one must first understand the principles of a case. It is important to understand what a case is, the types of cases there are and their purposes. Following this understanding, the methods of analyzing and discussing cases must be explored. After mastering these skills, The three stages of problem, decision and evaluation are vital to the organization of the case study. 4 ? 5 6 7 ? In all case studies we should first explore the brief synopsis of the case and its pedagogical objectives. 8 9 ? In a case method classroom, both the instructor and students must be active in different ways. The art of a case method instructor is to ask the right question at the right time, provide feedback on answers, and sustain a discussion that opens up meanings of the case. If students don’t come to class well-prepared, the case method will fail because the people responsible for making meaning from the case are not equipped to do it. ? 10 ? Case discussions are full of facts and information, but they aren’t shaped into single interpretation, the â€Å"truth†. Instructors don’t announce definitive conclusions or right answers, although they may discriminate between more and less plausible solutions. Students enter and leave the classroom responsible for the outcomes of the discussion. For students, this is a shift from the comfort of authority and single truth to the hard work of personal responsibility and the unease of ambiguity and multiple meanings. ? 11 ? Cases are verbal representation of reality. Real business situations involve uncertainty and don’t present selected and sorted information. ? A case must have 3 characteristics: 1) a significant real world business issue or issues 2) Sufficient information on which to base conclusions 3) No stated conclusions 12 ? Many cases have these complicating properties: 1) Information that includes â€Å"Noise†- false, irrelevant†¦ testimony by characters in the case 2) Unstated information that must be inferred from the information that is stated 3) Nonlinear structure 13 ? A well-written case must have these characteristics. Reader of the case must be able to: 1) Construct conclusion from the information in the text 2) Filter out irrelevant portions of the text. 3) Furnish missing information through inferences. 4) Associate evidence from different parts of the case and integrate it into a conclusion. 14 ? Noise is a characteristic of real situations. Today, we are flooded in information, much of it of little value. Every case, whether it has a large amount of information or very little, requires the reader to make inferences. This can be the most difficult transition from textbooks and lectures. ? If memorization is the primary skill of the lecture model, inference is the primary skill of the case model. Furthermore, cases do not have a linear structure and are not presented in the most logical way. ? 15 ? There are 3 possible approaches to reading the case: 1) Receive it 2) Find it 3) Make it (appropriate for cases) ? â€Å"Receive it† states both subject and its significance (fits a text such as news story) â€Å"Find it† states keys and clues to find the solution (fits a text such as mystery novel) On the first reading of the case, it can seem to be a whole that is less than the sum of its parts. Indeed, the most basic matters of fact are not clearly stated or are stated in multiple ways. Students have to read a case actively (Active Reading) and construct their own meaning based on pedagogical objectives of the case and the theories and concepts already discussed in the class. 16 ? ? ? A case is a text that refuses to explain itself; hence, a meaning needs to be constructed for it. To analyze a case, the contextual factors concerning it must first be studied in order to allow a deeper understanding of the case (Situational analysis) Contextual information helps to limit and narrow the analysis of the case. Courses are often divided up into different modules or themes defined by certain types of situations and, often, concepts, theories, and practices appropriate for these situations. Students should learn how to make a case with relevant information based on the objectives of the case or questions already given by the instructor. 18 ? ? ? The method of analyzing a text is heuristic, meaning that important aspects of the situation in which the case is set must be identified and understood. This is a term used for self-guided learning that employs analysis to help draw conclusions about a situation. 19 ? Analysis has two closely related definitions: to break something up into its constituent parts; and to study the relationships of the parts to the whole. To analyze a case, you therefore need ways of identifying and understanding important aspects of a situation and what they mean to the overall situation. ? Thinking about a case must start before you begin making it. This way, the different questions arising about the case can be answered during the reading process. For example, the framework of a certain concept may guide a product launch decision. Hence, specialized methods are advantageous in achieving well-defined purposes. 20 21 22. 23 The following will provide a starting point for further understanding the different aspects of analyzing a case: ? There are four types of situations which appear repeatedly in case: †º Problems †º Decisions †º Evaluations †º Rules (complicated for beginners) 24 ? The definition of â€Å"problem† as a case situation is quite specific, unlike its other suggestions. Problem is a situation in which there is a significant outcome or performance, and there is no explicit explanation of the outcome or the performance. A problem in a case study is when the outcome or performance is significant yet there is no clear explanation of why it has happened. The causes of these outcomes are important to know so that the situation can be improved. ? 25 ? The outcomes of the cases may be negative. This is as a result of the fact that the change effort of the manager may be self-destructive. This result may arise from weaknesses that are unapparent. For efficient problem analysis, the problem first has to be defined. This is where success can come to be seen as a problem, in its own special meaning. ? ? Next, the problem must be explained by linking the outcome or performance to its root causes. Specialized methods of business disciplines are needed as tools to carry out this analysis. 26 ? Problem analysis begins with a definition of the problem. That seems obvious, yet many cases do not state a problem. As a result, you will first need to realize that a problem does exist. After this, you must define it yourself. Next, you must work out an explanation of the problem. This can be done by linking the outcome or performance to its root causes. This is the main work of problem analysis. To carry it out, you will need to employ the relevant tools, the specialized methods of business disciplines such as Strategy or SCM or operations management. 27 ? Would Barnes Noble have benefited (or been hindered) by its physical organizational structure and management processes in its attempt to strengthen its position as an electronic commerce product/service provider? Defend your arguments. 28 ? Many cases complicate the decision immediately. Many of these are organized around an explicit decision. The decision, however, should not be based on other situations. The existence of an explicit decision is an important distinction, because nearly all business cases involve decision. In many other cases, however, the decisions are implicit and dependant on another situation. The decisions featured in various cases vary greatly in scope, consequence and available data. An executive must decide whether to launch a product, move a plant, pursue a merger, or provide financing for a planned expansion. ? 29 ? Analyzing a decision requires the following, regardless of the dimensions of a decision: †º Decision options †º Decision criteria †º Relevant evidence ? The decision options are often mentioned in the case itself. A stated decision needs to be followed by a statement of the alternative decision options. Finding these or coming up with them can be set as the first goal of the analysis. 30 ? In making a rational decision, the appropriate criteria need to be determined. By thoroughly studying the specifics of the case with the help of specialized methods, the criteria can be derived from the case, as they are not likely to be directly stated. The criteria are then used to develop evidence so as to complete a decision analysis. The decision must be the best option between the evidence and criteria available. In decision analysis, no decision is objectively correct. The goal is to find a decision that creates more benefits than the alternatives, as well as having less severe downsides. 31 ? ? â€Å"If we are to continue outsourcing, and even consider expanding it, why should we keep paying someone else to do what we can do for ourselves? † what are the stimuli behind such a statement to reflect on eBay customer support decision? 32 ? In an evaluation, a judgment is expressed about the worth, value, or effectiveness of a performance, act, or outcome. An outcome can be the subject of an assessment. The analysis of an evaluation can be based on any unit, from an individual to a global region. ? The outcome can be the subject of an assessment. The competitive position of a company, for instance, is the outcome of numerous decisions and performances as well as contingencies such as macroeconomic conditions. 33 ? Evaluations require appropriate criteria for setting the standards for assessing worth, value, or effectiveness. These criteria can be inferred from the particulars of a situation, with the aid of specialized methods. An overall evaluation will express the best option between the evidence and the criteria. Another requirement of an evaluation is that it includes both positive and negative aspects. Both strengths and weaknesses require analyzing. ? ? 34 ? 1. Is it justifiable for a company like Amazon. com to continue investing so much money and effort in a business operation that not only has made a profit for nearly 5 years but was incurring heavier losses? (Refer to the company’s financial statements) 35 ? The key to the analyzing process is active reading in order to make a case, as it is interrogative, purposeful, and iterative, meaning that you make multiple passes through a case and each time reading with various purposes. 37 ? Three factors contribute to active reading: a goal, a point of view, and a hypothesis. Goal of Analysis – Concrete limits must be set in order to derive the desirable information form the case. In addition, a time limit can be used to make the time spent on analyzing the case more productive. the main character. This way, making a decision as a person in that situation will help making conclusions easier. compare and contrast a concrete statement against case evidence. †º Point of View – It is effective to pout oneself in the place of †º Hypotheses – This gives the advantage of being able to 38 ? The process of working on a case has five phases: 1) Situation 2) Questions 3) Hypothesis 4) Proof and action 5) Alternatives 39 The analysis can first be structured as a series of questions and then identifying the situation by reading the first and last sections. The opening or end of a case may present partial or complete descriptions of the problem as well as expressing a tension or conflict vital to the analysis. 40 Knowing the situation allows you to ask questions pertinent to a problem, a decision, or an evaluation. Hence, the stages previously stated can develop the needed understanding to ask the questions in this second phase. Making a content inventory of the case, to locate information that might be used to answer the questions about the situation, can be useful. 41 †º Problem – Who or what is the subject of the problem? What is the problem? Am I trying to account for a failure, a success, or something more ambiguous? What is the significance of the problem to the subject? Who is responsible for the problem and what might he need to know to do something about it? †º Decision – What are the decision options? Do any seem particularly strong or weak? What is at stake of the decision? What are the possible criteria? What might the most important criteria be for this kind of decision? Are any of the criteria explicitly discussed in the case? †º Evaluation – Who or what is being evaluated? Who is responsible for the evaluation? What is at stake? What are the possible criteria? What might the possible criteria be for this sort of evaluation? Are any of the criteria explicitly discussed in the case? 42 ? Instructor may decide to provide situation guidelines and questions regarding the case study for students: 1) Situation 2) Questions 3) Hypothesis 4) Proof and action 5) Alternatives 43. This is the most important phase while working on the case. This involves narrowing the possibilities to the one that seems most plausible. There are different aspects to take into consideration, depending on if you are dealing with a problem, a decision, or an evaluation. Recording your thought process can help the development of this stage. 44 ? Make sure you know the problem that needs to be diagnosed. Consider whether the characteristics of the problem suggest causes. Think about the frameworks that seem most appropriate to the situation. Quickly review the specifics of the frameworks if you are not certain about them. Pursue the diagnosis by looking at case information through the lens of the cause you are most certain about. For each cause, make a separate pass through the case looking for evidence of it. If the case has a lot of quantitative evidence, to what case is it most relevant? If you do not have a case relevant to the quantitative evidence, formulate one. Work up as much relevant, high-value quantitative evidence as you can. In a case with a protagonist (central character), consider whether she is a potential cause. If you think she is, work out how she contributes to the problem. Problem 45 Energy = 2/3 consulting + all of technology service Industry = 1/3 consulting + all of certification 46 ? Decision Review the criteria you have come up with so far. Which do you have the most confidence in? Review the decision options. Do any seem especially strong or weak? Apply the criteria that seem to identify the most evidence in the case. Investigate the strongest decision option with the criterion you have the most confidence in. or, if you are reasonably certain about what which is the weakest, see if you can quickly dismiss that option. If the case has a lot of quantitative evidence, which criterion is most relevant to it? If you do not have the criterion relevant to the quantitative evidence, formulate one. Work up as much relevant, high-value quantitative evidence as you can. If there are conflicts about the decision between individuals or groups, think about why it is. Look at the decision from the point of view of each of the parties to the conflict. If the protagonist is in a difficult position in relation to the decision, consider why that is. 47 48 49 ? Evaluation Review the criteria you have come up with so far. Which do you have the most confidence in? What are the terms of the evaluation going to be? Do any stand out in the case? Do you already have a sense of the bottom-line evaluation you favor? If you do, what are the reasons for the preference? Pursue those reasons. Start by applying the criterion that seems to identify the most evidence in the case. Investigate the most positive range or the most negative with the criterion you have the most confidence in. Investigate the most positive rating or the most negative with the criterion you have the most confidence in. If the case has a lot of quantitative evidence, which criterion is most relevant to it? If you do not have a criterion relevant to the quantitative evidence, formulate one. Work up as much relevant, high-value, quantitative evidence as you can. 50 08 😕 ?†¢  «  » ( )? ?†¢  «  » ( )? ?†¢  «  » ( )? ?†¢  «  » ( )? 😕 ?15? A hypothesis drives a different approach to the case. You will start proving something you have already found out. Evidence supporting the hypothesis can be found in this stage. After this, the evidence can be assessed and a decision option can be drawn up, also finding the actionable content of the decision made. The last phase involves questioning your own hypothesis. This means reading your hypothesis and evidence with a critical eye. In this way, you can be the one who notices the weaknesses in the first place. †º †º Problem – Can the problem be defined differently? Would that make a difference to the diagnosis? Are there any holes in the diagnosis – could there be causes missing? What is the weakest part of the diagnosis? Could an entirely different diagnosis be made? What would it look like? Decision – What is the biggest downside of the recommended decision? How would you manage the downside? What is the strongest evidence against the recommendation? How would a case for the major alternative look? 55 †º Evaluation – Have you been objective and thorough ? If a hypothesis, after all these stages of analyzing and evaluation, fails, looking at alternative ideas can help to come up with another, stronger, hypothesis. This can be made into a useful learning experience for gaining more expertise. Such a case may arise if you perhaps overlooked important information or not used specialized tools effectively. about the evaluation findings that oppose your overall assessment? Think how a different overall evaluation might be proved. Have you accounted for factors that the subject of the evaluation could not control? 56 ? Potential for further discussion 57 ?†¢ 02 0102 ? Deepwater Horizon , 11 ? 71 . 3 002 ? ? .? ?85? ? The variables that influence the path and quality of a case discussion include the instructor, the students, the case, and a host of other possibilities such as the physical setting, the time of day, or the proximity to exams. The only variable that you can control is yourself. Case discussions are the most important part of Industrial Engineering and Business studies classrooms. This method encourages students to apply their learned theories and be able to contribute as part of a group to converse in a business matter. Therefore, skills to communicate and participate are very essential. 60 ? ? A case is a condition explained in which the students attribute with giving their own opinions about it, as well as listening to their peers. It is important for everyone in the case class to contribute in the discussion and comment on it. 61 ? Unfortunately there are some students who do not find it comfortable to participate in the class and feel threatened. This could be due to several reasons. ? The language used in the class might be different from their mother’s tongue and therefore give them the fear of making a mistake in front of their native speaker peers. They might have the fear that they do not have enough knowledge and background about business as others do, and therefore make themselves look silly by making a useless comment and several other reasons, which limits students from participating. Strategies have been used by instructors to overcome these kinds of fears. 62 ? ? Preparing comments and speeches are among the tactics used to overcome fears. Students prepare all their comments and what they want to say before the class and write them down, ready to be said. They will feel comfortable thinking they will have a valuable point to make. This is not always right. A discussion is not predictable, and the preparation might not work very well. The discussion might go into a totally different path in which the prepared points are irrelevant. On the other hand a flexible plan preparation can be helpful. It only causes problems when it is â€Å"over prepared†. ? 63 ? Another tactic is to enter the discussion with a delay, which is after listening to the peers and the professor and trying to make a comment relevant to theirs. This is not a very good way. In fact, it makes it harder to enter a discussion, thinking that only a perfect comment will give him the power to break into the discussion. Therefore the earlier the student starts participating, preferably from the first class, he will feel more comfortable. ? 64 ? Case method exposes risk which is shared by everyone. Risk isn’t purely negative; it is a motivator to do the hard work the case method requires. The most valuable advice about case discussion is to speak up early. Speaking up early not only reduces the nervousness of being in the spotlight It also assists you in setting realistic expectations for yourself. †º Setting a limit on your case preparation has several benefits: it puts a healthy pressure on students to use the time well; and it encourages students to pay attention to how you analyze a case. †º Read the case actively. Reading passively is one of the most important obstacles to efficient analysis. 65 ? In addition, students can try to get to know each other outside the classroom. This reduces their fear and strangeness towards each other. ? They can meet outside the classroom. This will definitely change the environment in the classroom. Building a social network is important to case discussion. Students surrounded by classmates who clearly respect them will probably be at least a little more willing to take risks in discussions. The often subtle but damaging influence of stereotypes about gender, personal appearance, and many other characteristics can be muted when people get to know each other as they are instead of what they are projected to be. A classroom friend can encourage a quiet student to speak up or to take bigger risks with his/her comments 66. Regardless of business seriousness, it is also  helpful to be funny at some points, and make others enjoy the class with a little humor. participation. However it should be accompanied by participating. It is important to listen to everyone carefully and contribute equally, and do not hesitate to talk whenever an idea pops in the mind. †º Listening is the most important factor of 67 †º Take a little time after class to think about the discussion before the memory of it fades away, you’ll capture more of the value of the classroom experience. The short-term benefit is greater clarity about the issues that link on case to another and lends coherence to a course. In long run, these takeaways become your personal bible for leadership. is the product of useful contributions over a period of time, not occasional bravura performance. †º You need to be patient. Effective collaboration 68 ? In conclusion, it is important to first analyze and discuss a case to develop one’s understanding of it. Afterwards, the knowledge gained can be employed to draw up the planning of the casebased essay. Finally, using the guidelines outlined, the different aspects of the case analyzed can be used to write up a well-researched essay. 69 ? Ellet W (2007) The Case Study Handbook: How to Read, Discuss, and Write Persuasively About Cases (Boston: Harvard Business School Press) ECCH Case Study Workshop 2010 ? 70 View as multi-pages TOPICS IN THIS DOCUMENT Scientific method, Casebook method, Case study, Qualitative research RELATED DOCUMENTS How to analyse case study How to analyse a case study Step 1: Get a general impression †¢ Which organisations and industries/sectors does it relate to? †¢ Is the organisation doing well or badly and how has it performed in the past? Is it an organisation that has an unbroken record of success or has it fallen on hard times? †¢ Look at the development of the organisation over time. What strategies has it pursued? Which have succeeded and which have failed? How successful has the 4076 Words | 3 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Case Study Guide Ukzn Westville South Africa UKNZN, SCHOOL OF MIG- DISCIPLINE OF MAKERTING AND SUPPLY CHAIN SCMA 305 2013 CASE STUDY GUIDE ANSWERING CASE STUDIES The following problems that have prevented companies to be successful are as follows: 1. The inability to recognize important problems; 2. Difficulty in formulating the main problem; 3. The inability to actually visualize or understand the situation; 4. The inability to communicate with other managers and 4076 Words | 7 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Case Study Introduction to Case Study by Winston Tellis+ The Qualitative Report, Volume 3, Number 2, July, 1997 (http://www. nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/tellis1. html) Abstract This paper is the first of a series of three articles relating to a case study conducted at Fairfield University to assess aspects of the rapid introduction of Information Technology at 4076 Words | 20 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Case study ? Case Study Evaluation Protocol and Procedures Evaluation of the overall quality of each case study will be made on the following criteria: CASE STUDY PARTS CRITERIA Abstract Summary paragraph introducing the project, building, hypothesis, highlights of findings. concise brief of the parts to the case study. Introduction Description of building, background 4076 Words | 3 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT MGMT591 Case Study Analysis ? Case Study Analysis: Building a Coalition Aldranon English II [emailprotected] com MGMT591 ­_68800_20150301 Glenn Palmer March 22, 2015 Abstract This is an in-depth analysis of case study involving the Woodson Foundation. The analysis will evaluate the structure, environment (internal and external), strategy and implementation of tactics surrounding the program. This is only my interpretation of the program’s strengths 4076 Words | 6 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Case Analysis Study Case Study Analysis Paper Prepare a 1,400 to 1,750-word case study analysis paper based on the University of Phoenix Material, â€Å"Case Study for Student Analysis,† located in Week Two of the COMM/215 [pic] page. Below is a detailed description explaining how to prepare a case study analysis paper. ____________________________________________________________ _________________ 4076 Words | 6 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT How to Write a Case Study Write a Case Study Analysis By Karen Schweitzer, About. com Guide See More About: †¢ case studies †¢ case study analysis †¢ mba classes Ads Wetting Balance TestingSolderability Testing Analysis Components -PWB- Assemblywww. standsgroup. com Requisite OrganizationFree research and information from the RO International Institute. www. requisite. org Novi Team BuildingIdealna zabava za 4076 Words | 4 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Case Study Writing Fromate Writing a case study report Josephine Hook, Research Learning Coordinator Josephine. [emailprotected] edu (Source: www. office. microsoft. com) Outline ? What is a case study? ? Approaching a case study assignment ? The structure of a case study report ? Key elements of a case study report What is a case? A case might be: ? A 4076 Words |

Benefits of Positive Relationships in Childcare Setting

Benefits of Positive Relationships in Childcare Setting Farah Rehman 1. Recognise how positive relationships promote children’s- well -being Building positive relationships with young children is an essential task and a foundational component of good teaching. All children grow and thrive in the context of close and dependable relationships that provide love and nurturance, security, and responsive interactions. A positive adult-child relationship built on trust, understanding, and caring will foster children’s cooperation and motivation and increase their positive outcomes at school (Webster-Stratton, 1999). Good. In a review of empirically derived risk and protective factors associated with academic and behavioural problems at the beginning of school, Huffman et al. 2000) identified that having a positive preschool experience and a warm and open relationship with their teacher or child care provider are important protective factors for young children. These protective factors operate to produce direct, ameliorative effects for children in at-risk situations (Luthar, 1993). Next, we describe some of the key ingred ients for relationship building. In order for adults to build meaningful positive relationships with children, it is essential to gain a thorough understanding of children’s preferences, interests, background, and culture. For very young children and children with special needs, this information is most often accessed by observing what children do and by speaking directly to parents and other caregivers. With this information, adults can ensure that their play with children is fun, that the content of their conversations is relevant, and those they communicate respect for children’s origins. Whenever possible, this kind of information exchange should be as reciprocal as possible. That is, adults should be sharing their own interests, likes, backgrounds, and origins with children as well. Good. Practical Strategies for Building Positive Relationships †¢ Distribute interest surveys that parents fill out about their child †¢ Greet every child at the door by name †¢ Follow a child’s lead during play †¢ Have a conversation over snack †¢ Conduct home visits †¢ Listen to a child’s ideas and stories and be an appreciative audience †¢ Send positive notes home †¢ Provide praise and encouragement †¢ Share information about yourself and find something in common with the child †¢ Ask children to bring in family photos and give them an opportunity to share it with you and their peers †¢ Post children’s work †¢ Have a â€Å"Star† of the week who brings in special things from home and gets to share them during circle time †¢ Acknowledge a child’s effort †¢ Give compliments liberally †¢ Call a child’s parents to say what a great day she or he having in front of the child †¢ Find out what a child’s favourite book is and read it to the whole class †¢ Have sharing days †¢ Make â€Å"all about me† books and share them at circle time †¢ Write all of the special things about A child on a T-shirt and let him or her wear it †¢ Play a game with a child †¢ Play outside with a child †¢ Ride the bus with a child †¢ Go to an extracurricular activity with the child †¢ Learn a child’s home language †¢ Give hugs, high fives, and thumbs up for accomplishing tasks †¢ Hold a child’s hand †¢ Call a child after a bad day and say â€Å"I’m sorry we had a bad day today – I know tomorrow is going to be better!† †¢ Tell a child how much he or she was missed Some useful techniques that can be applied. Although this knowledge is good, I would have liked you to focus more on the benefits to children of different types of relationships, such as friendships etc. 2. Analyse the importance of the key worker system for children â€Å"Key Worker†. The â€Å"Key Person† role is to build positive relationships with particular children, and work closely with the families of those children. The term â€Å"Key Worker† refers to a role which involves communicating with different professionals to ensure that services coordinate and to work at a more systemic, strategic level within nurseries (Elfer, Goldschmied Selleck, 2005). The â€Å"Key Person† role is the focus of this particular study. The current government guidance on the role of the Key Person seems to place great weight on attachment theory as a driving point for the development of positive relationships in the Early Years. It is important to note that this research does not seek to examine different â€Å"attachment types†. Rather, it seeks to understand the adults’ perceptions of their roles in Early Years settings and the ways in which they ensure positive experiences for their key children. However, attachment theory, as the theoretical foundations of this study, cannot be ignored. John Bowlby’s (1969) theory of infant attachment sought to understand the relationships between infants and their caregivers. Further developments through Bell and Ainsworth’s (1970) Strange Situation led to the identification of attachment types, and a plethora of studies researching the relationships between these types and a child’s future development. Recognition of the impact of early attac hments on outcomes for children as they develop is well established as noted by Thompson (2008). Thompson looks at factors most directly associated with Bowlby’s original ideas, for example; relationship functioning, emotional regulation and social-cognitive capabilities. The conclusion is that the literature continues to support the argument that children labelled as ‘securely attached’ experience more positive outcomes in many areas. Thompson notes that the reasons behind this are not clear, though he draws attention to the literature which suggests sensitivity is an important factor. This may be quite relevant to understanding the relationships between Key Persons and children in Early Years settings, as the Key Person’s sensitivity to the child’s needs may be paramount to the dynamics of their relationship. Current guidance and the EYFS Good points highlighted above and relevant link made to attachment theory. As mentioned previously, attachment theory appears to have had a rather significant impact on current guidance, policies and practice with children and young people (Slater, 2007). It is also integral to the work of agencies such as Sure Start and social care. In order to understand what some practitioners may already know, it seems important to review some of the guidance that the government provides for early education settings. The Department for Education have recently changed the information on their website; however, following a recent consultation on the EYFS, there does not seem to be any indication of significant change to the Key Person role. Information previously available stated that: †¢ â€Å"A Key Person helps the baby or child to become familiar with the setting and To feel confident and safe within it. †¢ A Key Person develops a genuine bond with children and offers a settled, Close relationship. †¢ When children feel happy and secure in this way they are confident to explore and to try out new things. †¢ Even when children are older and can hold special people in mind for longer there is still a need for them to have a Key Person to depend on in the setting, such as their teacher or a teaching assistant.† – These guidelines came under the â€Å"Positive Relationships† principle, and whilst online access to this has now been archived, the translation of these points in to practice formed the initial focus of this piece of research. Due to this, they have remained within this paper. 3) Explain the benefits of building positive partnership with parents for children’s learning and development. When staff shares positive bonds with children’s families, it helps the staff feel more connected, valued, rewarded and appreciated. Staff can more easily respond to children’s needs by understanding a child’s relationship with their parents, carers and siblings. Staff can also develop a deeper understanding of how each family would like their child to be raised. Having a ‘bigger picture’ of a child’s world allows staff to relate to children in a way that makes them feel understood which then strengthens relationships. Relationships and partnerships assist staff feel confident and satisfied in their role of supporting the child and their development. Good points. Mutual benefits of partnerships Working together can help families and staff trust one another and communicate openly. When information is shared, families and staff are able to gain a deeper understanding of: how to work together to support children children’s behaviour at home and at the early childhood service the most effective ways to support children’s learning what children enjoy and what their strengths are resources for addressing children’s difficulties. Interacting within a partnership helps Families and staff: feel welcome, respected and valued feel comfortable, confident and supported in their roles feel a sense of satisfaction from the trust others place in them work through differences, allowing adults to continue working together to support children benefit from the resources, ideas and energy that others provide benefit from shared decision-making see things from other people’s perspective develop strong connections with children 9) feel a sense of satisfaction when children explore, learn and develop their skills 10) have more opportunities to discuss child development Babies and young children learn to be strong and independent through loving and secure relationships with parents and carers and other family members such as grandparents. When children are looked after outside the home they can develop security and independence through having a key person to care for them. Children’s learning is helped when they feel safe and secure and when their parents and the people in settings they attend work together to ensure that the child’s needs are met. A key person such as a child minder provides a reassuring link with home so that children can cope with being separated from the special people in their lives. Attachments are the emotional bonds that are made between young children, their parents and other cares such as the Key Person. All of these important people have a special role to play in providing the right kind of environment for children where they will flourish. Environments are not just physical spaces because they are the atmosphere created through warm and caring relationships, where children are respected and valued and their well-being comes before anything else. In these environments children’s voices are listened to and they thrive socially and emotionally. Describe how to develop positive relationships within the early years setting, making reference to principles of effective communication Effective communication with both children and parents are very important in order to develop positive relationships. Children who feel valued and who enjoy being with you will respond better. Due to this, they are likely to enjoy playing and learning and are more likely to behave well. The basis of forming a relationship with children is to consider what their needs may be and to adapt the way in which you work to meet these needs. It is important to recognise if children have any difficulties in communication. There are many types of difficulties that need to be recognized: Speech and language delay Dyspraxia Muscle weakness or deformity Emotional problems Ear infection Expressive difficulties Receptive difficulties Stuttering Children who have difficulties in communication should be supported. The practioner should: Be patient Allow children time and space in which to speak Do not talk over children Do not speak for the child Do not interrupt the child Consider using pictures for children so they can communicate their needs.

Trust And Confidence In The Police Service Criminology Essay

Trust And Confidence In The Police Service Criminology Essay This essay seeks to critically assess the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing, this essay will look to consider the remit of police powers in particular. On this basis, this essay looks to provide for a discussion of the problems that have been recognised in this regard and as to how they may be better resolved through the policies that the government have looked to develop. In addition, this essay seeks to focus upon the recognition of stop and search powers. In seeking to critically assess the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing, this essay will look to consider the remit of police powers in particular. With this in mind, it is first necessary to look to present the rights of the police to stop and search and the rights of those that the police choose to stop and search. On this basis, it is then important to seek to consider the problems that a lack of effective regulation has brought about for example, with regards to discrimination. Therefore, it is also necessary to provide an understanding of what efforts have been made to assist in restoring confidence in the police service in more recent times by looking to establish sanctions for their misdemeanours to look to limit over policing by providing the public with a more effective system of redress. Finally, this essay will look to conclude with a summary of the key points derived from this discussion with a view to critically assessing the extent to which police stop and search powers may impact on trust and confidence in the police service with particular reference to the notion of over policing. To begin with it is to be appreciated police stop and search powers centre on permitting police officers in England and Wales to search members of the general public within our society for contraband (i.e. drugs, weapons, stole property, evidence relating to acts of terrorism or that relates to any other crime). However, the exercise of such rights by the police in carrying out their activities were not without their problems so that the Police Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984 was enacted with a view to rectifying problems that had been recognised with regards to the powers previously granted to the police that allowed the police to stop, search, and subsequently arrest someone suspected of a crime without the need for a warrant (although it is also to be appreciated that stop search is also permitted under the Criminal Justice Public Order Act (CJPOA) 1994 at section 60, the Terrorism Act (TA) 2000 at section 44 and the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 at section 23(2)). Therefore, the u se of the law in practice led to accusations of over policing and an unfair application of its enforcement against the black community leading to many infamous riots around the country with majority black populations like that of Brixton during the early part of the 1980s leading to the drafting and ultimate implementation of the PACE 1984. To this end Code A of the PACE 1984 provides for the exercising of police stop and search powers and, allied to the use of reasonable force (Police Reform Act 2002 at Schedule 4, paragraph 15), the Code recognises that if a police officer uses stop and search powers then they must inform the person that they have stopped for searching of (a) the law that is the basis of them stopping and searching that individual; (b) their police number and station; (c) what they are looking for; (d) the reason for the stop (unless it is a terrorist stop under section 44 of the TA 2000 and under the powers granted by section 60 of the CJPOA 1994); (e) the individuals right to be given a record of the search; and (f) the fact that the individual is considered to be detained for the duration of the stop. The rights of those being searched are, therefore, established as part of sections 2 and 3 of the PACE 1984 and are binding on all forms of stop and search not only those authorised under section 1 o f the PACE 1984. To this effect it is not necessary for an individual in a stop and search to give a police officer their name and address in a stop and search. Declining to provide this information is not a valid reason for arrest. In addition, police officers must use their stop and search powers fairly and responsibly without discrimination and if English is not a subjects first language reasonable steps must be taken to provide information in their first language. Moreover, police officers also need to make sure search time is kept to a minimum and takes place near where the stopping occurs except where it protects their privacy. However, despite the problems that have arisen in this regard, the limits of New Labours penal imagination were first made clear in the development of their policy of zero tolerance policing that refers to an American invention regarding the intensive community policing strategies introduced there in the mid-1990s. The recognition of this strategy is founded upon the development of a principle for clamping down on the occurrence of street offences and incivilities in the belief that more serious offences will then be later curtailed (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). As a result, in Britain it has been recognised that this has also all too commonly translated into intensive policing and operations (a) against under-age smoking and drinking; (b) dealing with acts of obstruction by street traders; (c) against public urination; (d) to prevent graffiti writing, and (e) for the arrest or moving on of aggressive beggars, prostitutes, pickpockets, fare dodgers, abusive drunks and litter louts amongst others (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Moreover, this strategy for the development of police policy has been recognised as being founded upon the non-conservative proposition that if climates of disorder are allowed to develop, more serious crime will then serve to follow in the circumstances (Wilson Kelling, 1982). In addition both the government and the opposition along with the most prominent senior police officers have argued this kind of approach is a success in view of the fact that it serves to reduce the rates of robbery and murder domestically. However, that is not to say that the approach to policing has not been subject to some significant criticism. This is because some significant questions have arisen with regards to the precise reasons for declining crime rates and the efficacy of a zero tolerance strategy (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Such a view is founded on the fact that some senior police officers have come to argue that a zero-tolerance approach to tackling low-level disorder and incivilities is narrow, aggressive, and uncompromising and, . . . , targets people rather than addresses the underlying problems (NACRO, 1997, at p.18). At the same time, however, it is to be appreciated that a zero tolerance approach to policing does nothing to address issues that are related to the racialisation of law and order that has all too often produced high rates of stop-and-search and arrests, prosecutions, and the use of custody for Afro-Caribbean youth. To emphasise the problems this has caused, at the turn of the last decade it was found black people are six times more likely to be stopped and searched by the police than white people (Home Office, 1999). As a result, it has been argued the increasing use of stop-and-search by the police, whilst the proportion of stops actually leading to arrests for crimes has declined, has indicated the importance of the role of police surveillance of both the excluded and the threatening figures suggest that stop and search is anything but a useful method of apprehending criminal offenders (Lea, 2000). However, that is not to say that it may not have other purposes in practice because of the fact that This function . . . is again becoming prominent with the growth of social exclusion and a substantial underclass of people with high rates of poverty, homelessness, school expulsions, etc (Lea, 2000). Therefore, such an over policing has had serious implications, especially against a background of o ngoing revelations about police misconduct and abuses of power so the credibility of the police has been seriously undermined by many revelations of miscarriages of justice, as well as cases involving other forms of police misconduct and corruption that need to be remedied (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). By way of illustration, in 1998 the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police acknowledged there may be up to 250 corrupt officers serving in his force and this figure is unlikely to have changed all that much despite the best efforts of government policy makers (see, for example, the more recent case of two Nottinghamshire police officers convicted after pleading guilty to charges of corruption BBC News, 2006) that would seem to suggest an unknown number of criminal investigations may be seriously compromised (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). As a result, in an effort to combat the problem, a special squad of anti-corruption investigators (including accountants and private surveillance experts) were commissioned with a view to targeting officers believed to be implicated in offences including (i) the planning and carrying out of armed robberies; (ii) large-scale drug dealing; (iii) threats of violence against the public; and (iv) contract killings. However, despite such efforts, gove rnment policy makers failure to provide effective legal mechanisms for dealing with allegations of police abuse, coupled with the large number of successful claims against the police for civil damages or substantial out-of-court settlements have attracted the attention of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT, 2000). This is because the ECPT Report was extremely critical of the existing system of dealing with police misconduct that has often resulted in police officers not being brought to justice even when victims have been awarded damages. In addition, even in those cases where there is prima facie evidence of the nature and gravity of police abuses, it is rare for criminal and/or disciplinary proceedings to be brought and even rarer for police officers to be convicted of a criminal offence as a result (Carrabine, Lee South, 2000). Moreover, in an effort to actively deal with the problems that have arisen in this area, the PRA 2002 established the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) that introduced a fully independent system for the investigation of serious complaints (Savage, 2007). This is largely because, previously, dealing with complaints against the police had been dominated by the periodic and incremental enhancement of the independent or external element in relation to oversight (Smith, 2004). Therefore, the IPCCs establishment as a mean of redress for the public could be considered to be a logical extension of a process that has been under way for some considerable time (Smith, 2004) and could be considered the next logical stage in the process of enhancing accountability. Thee IPCCs creation arose from out of the Macpherson Report into the failings of the police regarding the murder of Stephen Lawrence that recommended the establishment of an independent body for the investigation of serio us complaints against the police particularly amongst ethnic minorities (Macpherson, 1999). In addition, the PRA 2002 also established within the Home Office the Police Standards Unit (PSU) as a further form of regulation of police activities that was to later to fall within the scope of the National Police Improvement Agency (Hale, Uglow Heaton, 2005). With this in mind, the PSU sought to regulate the performance of individual police forces and operational command units (Home Office, 2005). Therefore, the PSU has the authority to intervene in the management of poor performing or failing police units and identify best practice in strategic and operational policing and disseminate such best practice across forces (Savage, 2007. Referred to somewhat revealingly as Knowledge Management, this role of identifying and spreading best practice as a form of doctrinal dissemination contains an assumption the centre knows best when it comes to models and approaches to policing (Home Office, 2005, at p.9). To conclude, it is clear that police stop and search powers have impacted significantly upon trust and confidence in the police service in view of the notion of over policing. This is because the problems with police stop and search powers are illustrative of the fact that the police have often over used their powers in looking to regulate the activities of those living within domestic society. Amongst other problems such activities have led to instances of discrimination and accusations of corruption against the police to the detriment of public confidence and trust. Therefore, with a view to resolving such problems the government has looked to adopt significant practical policy changes with a view to then providing redress for the public against apparent acts of over policing. As has already been discussed as part of this essay, the government has sought to deal with the problems in this regard by developing independent bodies with a view to regulating the activities of the police and holding them accountable for their actions.

Reviews of Native Son :: Native Son Essays

Reviews of Native Son Native Son, by Richard Wright, was hailed by reviewers as an instant classic upon its release in 1940. The novel was an instant bestseller, having been included in the book-of-the-month-club. Due to its proto revolutionary themes it was the subject of many reviews. Two such reviewers are Clifton Fadiman and Malcolm Cowley. Clifton Fadiman, writer for The New Yorker declared that Native Son was the most powerful American novel since the Grapes of Wrath. He is positive that anyone who reads this book has to know what it means to be a Negro, especially being a Negro in the U.S. over seventy years after the Emancipation Proclamation. Fadiman then goes on to compare the novel to Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy, declaring that his novel did for the American white as Native Son did for the Negro. Fadiman begins criticizing Bigger Thomas, the main character in the novel. He feels that Bigger is just a stupid fool, having done everything possible to actually get himself caught. Fadiman also writes that Bigger "...knew that the moment he allowed what his life meant to enter fully into his consciousness, he would either kill himself or somebody else." Fadiman then goes on by criticizing Wright stating that he is too explicit, repetitive, and overdoes his melodrama from time to time. Fadiman does not believe Wright to be a finished writer just yet. However, he does think that Wright possesses the two absolute necessities of the first-rate novelist, passion and intelligence. He also understands that Wright must have been greatly affected by the labor movement, which may have contributed to Native Son. At the conclusion of his review, Fadiman once again compares Native Son to An American Tragedy. He says that the two novels tell almost the same story. Although He feels that Dreiser's novel is filled with better, more controlled knowledge; he feels that Wright's novel will have the same affect on the reader if they are not afraid of a challenge. By saying "afraid," Fadiman means that Native Son is not merely a story but a deep experience. The next review that we will look at is one done by Malcolm Cowley,

Examine and compare the ways in which Pat Barker in Regeneration and Es

Examine and compare the ways in which Pat Barker in Regeneration and Wilfred Owen in his poetry explore the nature of life in the trenches. Pat Barker and Wilfred Owen are both successful writers in delivering an insight into trench life from the perspective of a soldier, although in different ways. Owen, being a soldier himself, has had first hand experience of trench life and describes the pity of war, in that war is a waste of young, innocent lives, and the bitterness of the soldiers towards the people who do not have to fight. Whereas Barker recreates trench life through the nightmares, hallucinations and memories of the soldiers. Despite the fact that Barker is a modern woman writer she still manages to write a realistic view of the effects of war on soldiers. We forget that she would have had to do extensive research to get her information so detailed, especially as she combines real characters such as Graves and Sassoon, with her fictional creations. There are several themes explored in the work of both writers, the force of nature and the dangers in the trenches, explored in "Exposure." The hatred and bitterness towards shirkers explored in "The Dead Beat." The torment and terrible conditions that the soldiers had to put up with, in "Dulce Et Decorum Est," and how the soldiers began to think that it would be easier to end their lives in war than to live through another day of horror, explored in "Aterre." The title "Exposure" says enough about the dangers in the trenches, the risk of death and exposure to the enemy and exposure the natural elements. Owen describes the intensity of the "merciless iced east winds" that cut through the soldiers like a knife. Creating a vicious imagery of trench c... ...his poem "Wild with All Regrets" Owen describes how "here in this coffin of a bed," his regret is that after so much time being trapped in the trenches with so much time to just sit and think, it is only now that he appreciates life and how important it is. The comparison with "Regeneration" is that Prior, Sassoon and the others are still trapped and still have hours to think of what it is they have and are missing by being locked up in Craiglockhart. The work of both Barker and Owen captures the realism of what these soldiers actually went through, without actually trying to sugarcoat it for the audience back at home. We are able to understand a little better why the soldiers got so close in war and why they hated the civilians so much. I can say that after reading "Regeneration" and Wilfred Owens work I will never think about war in the same way again.

Cloud Computing

CLOUD COMPUTING PRASHANT G. PANDEY SANDEEP D. SINGH 3rd Author TIMSCDR TIMSCDR 3rd author's affiliation C-502, Silver Oak Appt. , Beverly park B-201, New Garden view, Tulinj Road, 1st line of address Mira Road (E), Thane-401107. Nalasopara (E), Thane- 401209 2nd line of address Mob. No. +91- 09322119824 Mob. No. +91- 09850394576 Telephone number, incl. country code prashant. [email  protected] com Sandy. [email  protected] com 3rd E-mail ABSTRACT As with any new trend in the IT world, enterprises must figure out the benefits and risks of cloud computing and the best way to use this technology. The buzz around cloud computing has reached a fever pitch. Some believe it is a disruptive trend representing the next stage in the evolution of the internet. Others believe it is hype, as it uses long established computing technologies. One thing is clear: The industry needs an objective, straightforward conversation about how this new computing paradigm will impact organizations, how it can be used with existing technologies, and the potential pitfalls of proprietary technologies that can lead to lock-in and limited choice. This document is intended to initiate a conversation that will bring together the emerging cloud computing community (both cloud users and cloud vendors) around a core set of principles. We believe that these core principles are rooted in the belief that cloud computing should be as open as all other IT technologies. This document does not intend to define a final taxonomy of cloud computing or to charter a new standards effort. Nor does it try to be an exhaustive thesis on cloud architecture and design. Rather, this document speaks to CIOs and other business leaders who intend to use cloud computing and to establish a set of core principles for cloud vendors. Cloud computing is still in its early stages, with much to learn and more experimentation to come. However, the time is right for the members of the emerging cloud computing community to come together around the notion of an open cloud. Multitenant : For an organization having many tenants renting some services. Authors & scientists of various publications: Hartig, Hinchcliffe, Greenberg, Robbins, Gupta & Swaminathan 1. INTRODUCTION The word Computing means any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers. Thus, computing includes designing and building hardware and software systems for a wide range of purposes; processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information; doing scientific studies using computers; making computer systems behave intelligently; creating and using communications and entertainment media; finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so on. Computing is categorized according to the requirement of the individual or an organization. The topic I am going to discuss in this paper presentation would be â€Å"Cloud computing† dealing as Group and organization . Fig. 1 demonstrates a simple architecture about cloud computing. GENERAL TERMS â€Å"Cloud computing† is termed as the next big thing in the modern corporate world, the growing impact is will be seen on enterprise IT and business activities in many large organizations. This paper provides an insight to cloud computing, its impact and discusses the issues that business organizations face while implementing cloud computing, It also discusses various strategies that organizations need to adopt while migrating to cloud computing. Fig. 1 KEYWORDS Cloud computing is very simple and broad concept in which we are using internet which allows people access technology enabled services. It is named so as its representation is always done as a cloud as in a network diagram. In broader context, cloud computing can be said as a large network of computers used by large organizations to provide services to smaller ones and individuals. It is sometimes termed as Grid computing or Network computing. Cloud computing can be said as a Network of providing resource via network â€Å"on demand† and â€Å"at scale† in an multitenant environment. The resource provider network is called as â€Å"Cloud†. ? ? ? The wide band’s network fast development. The virtualization tech and market’s fast development. The hardware’s fast development, like CPU and network drives. 2. ISSUES NEEDED TO BE SOLVED I have come across certain issues which arise during the normal stages of computing which are needed to overcome, Let me take each issue one by one: 2. 1 Technical Issues The biggest challenge in cloud computing may be the fact that there is no standard or single architectural method. Common hurdles to be overcomed: Fig. Hartig States â€Å"What goes on in the cloud manages multiple infrastructures across multiple organizations consisting of frameworks providing mechanisms for self-healing, selfMonitoring and automatic reconfiguration†. The cloud is virtualization of resources so it manages itself. Still there are people required to take care of operating systems, hardware and networking in a proper or der, but from the user’s or application developer’s perspective, only the cloud is referenced. We can say cloud computing is the Third revolution of IT industry, following the personal computer revolution. Cloud computing matters to us as cloud computing and web based are the future of computing in which all of us will interact. Let me give you an examples that in our day to day life, we come across a number of vendors providing cloud computing services such as Google, Yahoo, MSN, etc. among web based office applications and online photo and document sharing include flickr and Zoho. By cloud computing, we have the ability to scale to meet changing user demands quickly, usually within minutes. Cloud computing is : ? Environment friendly ? Task oriented ? Requires no Maintenance It gives user the benefit of separating application code from physical resources and to use external assets to handle peak loads. 2. 1. 1 Security Security is the most important thing for an organization or and company. If a company has a very big portal then we cannot say that the company is really very big but if the security of the company should be well assured that it is safe . Hence, I can say that Security is the most important hurdle for an organization to keep its data & policies undercover so that only the recommended people can have an access to it. With their business information and critical IT resources outside the firewall, customers worry about their vulnerability to attack. 2. 1. 2 Technical Hardware & Software Expertise Users need equipment and resources to customize cloud computing services more relevant and more tailored to the needs of their businesses. Proper man-power is needed to develop the applications to suit a business’s needs. The availability of physical hardware and software components need to be ensured for realizing the benefits of cloud computing. According to the writings of Hinchcliffe(2009, p. 61), wider technical fluency and expertise in the selected cloud computing platforms, which tend to emphasize technologies such as Open Source or newer web-style programming languages and application models will have to be achieved. 2. 2 Non-Technical Issues needed to overcome Apart from the technical issues, there are several non-technical issues which require equal attention and need to be resolved. Some of the significant non-technical hurdles to the adoptions of cloud computing services by large enterprises are financial, operational and organizational issues. . 1 Reasons to accept Cloud Computing. ? ? ? The fast increase of corporate IT infrastructure requirement. Economy crisis forcing company to cut cost. The fast change and time-to-market requirement of Internet applications. 2. 2. 1 Financial Issues Different people have different opinions on cloud computing, One such report says , Cloud computing can cost twice as much as inhouse data centers. This poses a problem for large enterprises, but actually works to the advantage of small and midsize companies and businesses. Further reports say that Cloud offerings are most attractive for small and medium-sized enterprises†¦ and most customers of clouds are small businesses. The reason behind this is that smaller companies don’t have the option of developing themselves into giant data centers. Greenberg(2009) notes, â€Å"Few if any major corporations are looking to replace their data centers with cloud†¦ the ‘server-less company’ are one that’s only feasible for startups and SMBs. † Cost variability is the important aspect of cloud computing. If cost ,transparency, scalability and cost variability is to be considered then a new challenge and opportunity arises for organizations. security through the public cloud. The availability of a robust network and information security is also a challenge. 2. 2. 3. 3 Cost Cost of process change is another hurdle in the transformation. Conventional IT organizations will have to engage with internal customers as well as IT service providers at a different plane. Most importantly, the culture and mindset and mindset will have to change. 3. PLANNING TOWARDS TECHNOLOGY THE NEW 2. 2. 2 Operational & Organizational Issues Organizations need to define standards and workflow for authorizations. A strategy for the consumption and management of cloud services, including how the organization will deal with semantic management, security and transactions need to be created. One should evaluate cloud providers using similar validation patterns as one does with new and existing data center resources. According to Gupta (2008), before deciding to switch over to cloud computing, one should fully understand the concept and implications of cloud computing as to whether maintaining an IT investment in-house or buying it as a service. The organization has to look at the overall return on investment inhouse or buying it as a service. The organization has to look at the overall return on investments as they cannot simply rip off and replace an existing infrastructure. The managers have to look at the short-term costs as well as the long term gains. Finally, a proof of concept should be created which can do a few things including getting an organization through the initial learning process and providing proof points as to the feasibility of leveraging cloud computing resources. Cloud computing is inevitable and it is a force that organizations and businesses need to quickly come in terms with. As the economic and social motivation for cloud computing is high, businesses which are heavily computer resource dependent need to take cautionary measures and the right decisions at the right time to avoid ending up with unreproductive solutions while migrating to new technologies. According to Robbins(2009), an organization should always make sure that they know what they are paying for and should pay careful attention to the following issues: ? Service levels ? Privacy matters ? Compliances ? Data ownership ? Data mobility. A number of cloud computing vendors may be hesitant to commit to the consistency of performance regarding an application or transaction. One has to understand the service levels they expect regarding data protection and speed of data recovery. 4. SWITCHING TO NEW TECHNOLOGY 2. 2. 3 Internal Issues While switching to newer technologies, an organization could face many internal issues. Some of them are explained as follows: Switching to newer technology such as cloud computing would be best when the processes, applications, and data are largely independent. When the points of integration in a business are well defined, embracing cloud services is effective. In an organization where a lower level of security will work just fine and the core internal enterprise architecture is healthy, conditions are favorable for the organization to switch to newer technologies. A business which requires Web as the desired platform to serve its customers 2. 2. 3. 1 Distributed business levels The distributed business and the level of consistently reliable computer networks in an organization can pose a challenge towards switching from traditional infrastructure to cloud computing. The case for an organization to go in for cloud computing is similar to a decision to own or rent a house. An organization which has spent a good amount of cash on its own storage and security systems will have time taking the decision to migrate to dedicated environment. 2. 2. 3. 2 Complexity of applications The complexity of the applications and the technology infrastructure is dependent on how the organization has adopted IT. If this has evolved from the deployment of technologies over a period of time, then the complexity level will certainly be high and in such a case, transformation to cloud computing would be difficult. Not everything comes under cloud computing as each organization has its own specific requirements suited to their needs whether on functionalities, performance, or maybe even computing in their organizations. Unless they seriously consider making cloud a part of their strategy. References: [1]. Buyya, Rajkumar; Chee Shin Yeo, Srikumar Venugopal, Sudershan Malpani (PDF). Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities. Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Australia. p. 9. [2]. www. gridbus. org/~raj/papers/hpcc2008_keynote_cloudcom p2uting. pdf. Retrieved 2008-07-31. [3] . M. D. Dikaiakos, D. Katsaros, G. Pallis, A. Vakali, P. Mehra: Guest Editors Introduction: â€Å"Cloud Computing, IEEE Internet Computing†, 12(5), Sep. 2009. [4] San Murugesan (Editor), â€Å"Cloud Computing: IT's Day in the Sun? â€Å", Cutter Consortium, 2009. [5] Luis M. Vaquero et al. , A Break i n the Clouds: Toward a Cloud Definition, ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, Volume 39, Issue 1 (January 2009), Pages 50–55, ISSN:0146-4833 [6] [7] www. ikipedia. org/cloudcomputing/ www. scribd. com/cloud/cloudppt. ppt/ Fig. 3 and wants to cut cost while benefiting from the new applications, the business can achieve the best competitive advantage in the market. According to Swaminathan (2009. p. 14), to compete effectively in today’s world, executives need every edge they can get, from low cost to speed and employee productivity. By tapping into the right cloud capabilities, companies can quickly enter new markets and launch new products or services in existing markets. When demand grows, they can quickly scale up, and when opportunities dry up, they can just as quickly scale down with minimum waste of time and capital. By using cloud-based solutions such as crowd-sourcing, companies can open up innovation to more employees, customers and their partners. 5. CONCLUSION Cloud computing is a fascinating realm, that makes it easier to deploy software and increase productiovity. However, there are some technical and non-technical realities that make security somewhat difficult to deliver in cloud. The cloud presents a number of new challenges in data security, privacy control, compliance, application integration and service quality. It can be expected that over the few years, these problems will be addressed. According to Swaminathan(2009, p. 12-15) and Daugherty(2009, p. 12-15), to be successful, companies should take small incremental steps towards this new environment so they can reap benefits for applicable business situations and learn to deal with the associated risks. In general, Cloud computing will act as an accelerator for enterprises, enabling them to innovate and compete more effectively. Under the current economic conditions, executives need to rethink their strategies dealing with cost-effective solutions. They need to use the cloud services for the right jobs they require. Today’s infrastructure clouds such as Amazon EC2 offer a relatively inexpensive and flexible alternative to buying in-house hardware. They are also beneficial for computation-intensive hobs, such as data cleansing, data mining, risk modeling, optimization and simulation. Businesses and enterprises should now take steps to experiment, learn and reap some immediate business benefits by implementing cloud Cloud Computing Each group Is expected to work on a project and by end-term, submit a hard copy of the project and also, In summary, present the findings. The project should reflect your learning's from the BIT course. Hence, the topic selection has to be such that your project should address one of the following two Study In depth any ONE area of IT Investments In an organization. The study has to highlight the business objectives addressed by the system approach to implementation analysis of success or failure of the implementation.What you would have done differently – give alternative solutions and recommendations Finally, what Business related benefits were derived from the IT investments It will be Important to analyze in light of Management, Organization and Technology aspects of Implementation. Study of ONE technology for Its applicability, usefulness and Its Implications for organizations across an Industry. Study the business objectives for which the Information system was Implement ed In different organizations.You study should cover the following analysis: Is purpose and need for hat particular technology Information system the same across all companies studied? Were the business goals the same for the technology implementation? Did all companies face the same risks, problems and challenges in implementing the technology within the company? Did you observe any common trend or practice emerging across companies of the same industry? Finally, what Business related benefits were derived from the IT investments Suggested list of technologies and industries that can be studied: Technologies IndustriesCloud computing, AAAS, alas, Fertilization Retail Enterprise applications Like Banking, Financial services e-Business & e-commerce Insurance Social media Manufacturing, Automobile Data-warehouse and Bal Telecoms You can select your own technology or combination of technology and industry. Submission of Synopsis Each group Is expected to write a synopsis ( not more tha n 2 pages) of the project the group intends to do. Synopsis will cover the Topic of the project Approach the group intends to follow Broad sections of the reportDivision of effort – list the responsibilities allocated to each member of the group Project Report Project report will be submitted in soft copy. The report should tallest be of 12 pages and not exceed more than 25-30 pages. Your report should reflect your group's analysis and effort. Any report which I find has been directly downloaded from one source and reproduced will be completely rejected and no marks will be given to that group. Important dates 1 . Submission of synopsis: Gag 31st 2. Project submission: End of 18th session. The date will be confirmed by Seep 4th Cloud Computing These combine together and deliver services such as the delivery of software, Infrastructure and storage. There are different types of cloud computing. There are public clouds, private clouds and hybrid clouds. Public clouds are virtual data center. A service provider such as Dropped makes resources available over the Internet. Private cloud are usually inside an organization's firewall but it also could a private space dedicated to the organization provided by a service provider. Hybrid cloud combines both aspects of public and private cloud.What are the advantages of cloud computing? Cloud computing is very cost efficient as it is very easy to maintain and use. Cloud computing Is a lot cheaper than traditional software. As cloud computing is very high productive, It saves a lot of money and time. Besides cost efficiency, one of the advantages of cloud computing is that most cloud service providers are usually competent to recover information. It is much easier to backup and recover information than on physical storage device. Another advantage of cloud computing would be Its automatic software Integration function.Automatic software Integration means a person does not take hard effort to customize and Integrate applications. Cloud computing allows the person to customize easily. Not only it's very easy to customize, cloud computing is also very easy to access information. A person can easily access the cloud from every single corner In the world with Internet access anytime. What are the disadvantages of cloud computing? Cloud computing offers a lot of positive aspects. But, It also has Its downside. From time to time, cloud computing system face some serious technical issues.Sometimes it is dysfunctional despite it is constantly maintained. Security issue is also one of the biggest concern in cloud computing. If an organization is using a cloud computing service provider, confidential personal information or other sensitive Information could be exposed to th e third party. Hence, it is important to make sure that a cloud service provider you're going to choose is secure. Cloud computing is very easily exposed by hackers or any kinds of threat because anything on the Internet is vulnerable to attacks.Cloud computing has made it very easy to access Information but one of the biggest flaws Is that It doesn't provide with a lot of space. Most of the cloud service providers only provide less than BIBB of space to its user. A business 1 OFF organization chose a service provider, the organization depends a lot on the service provider. It would be very troublesome to switch from a service provider to another. It would take a lot of time to transfer all the files. How could a Canola Computer Store customer use Dropped? Dropped can store photos, documents, videos and files for its users.Dropped has applications for several platforms such as computer, mobile phones and tablets. Dropped is also accessible on the Internet. Dropped also allows its us ers to share their folders with whomever they desire. Besides sharing a folder, Dropped users can also send links of specific files, photos and folders. Dropped is a free service and you can sign up at www. Dropped. Com. Part B: Disposal of Data and Computer Components What are the two methods of secure data disposal? Sims Recycling Solutions offers two kinds of secure data disposal.They offer data wiping and data shredding method. How does each method disposes the data? Sims Recycling Solutions uses the data wiping method by using the industry leading data cleaner software called Balance to wipe the data in the hard drive. Data herding method is also used by Sims Recycling Solutions. Data is disposed by physically shredded by large shredding machines. Why dispose data using data wiping method? Data wiping is an excellent method for reusing purpose. Some organization uses the data wiping method to wipe all the data then remarked it and sell.By using data wiping method, an organizati on can rescue components of an equipment for maintenance and sale purposes. Data wiping also allows an organization to refurbish an equipment and donate for charities as it wipes all the data inside. Why dispose data using data shredding method? Data shredding is perfect if reusing an equipment is not an option hence requires data shredding method to physically destroy the equipment. It is also a good choice for Solid State Memory and non-magnetic storage devices such as DVD's and compact disc (CD) because these kinds of storage devices need data shredding method to destroy them securely.How Sims Recycling Solutions deals responsibly, ethically and in an environmental friendly manner with electronic waste? Electronic waste such as computer monitor and television contain substances that are harmful to the environment if they are not disposed carefully. Sims Recycling Solutions offers to collect electronic waste such as computer monitor and television to local Sims Recycling Solution disposal centre. We use Sims Recycling Solutions because the company recycles hazardous electronic waste in an environmental friendly way.The company also recycle as much as they can. The company is able to recycle the glass in screens. Photocopiers, toner cartridges and printers can also be recycled. Sims Recycling Solutions has the technology to break toner cartridges for energy recovery and recycle them into raw material in an environmental friendly way. Recycling effective and environmental friendly. Sims Recycling Solutions ensures 100% data disposal in printers and photocopiers as they record everything printed or photocopied in their memory. Where can I dispose IT and computer?